1.1

In these Articles:

“Act” means the Companies Act 1985 including any statutory modification or re‑enactment thereof for the time being in force.

“Affiliated” means a National Authority (whether or not a Member) that has undertaken to comply with the Articles and the Regulations.

“Affiliated Bowler” means a bowler affiliated to a National Authority or (in the case of a country that is an Associate Member) to an Associate Member.

“Annual Council Meeting” means a Meeting of the Council that is neither (a) a Biennial Council Meeting nor (b) a Special Council Meeting.

"Appointed Director" means a Director appointed in terms of Article 21.3

“Articles” means the Articles of Association of World Bowls.

“Associate Member” means an associate member of World Bowls in terms of Article 5.

“Association” means, in the case of a country that does not have a National Authority but does have one or more Bowls clubs, an association formed by those clubs for the purpose of the administration of Bowls in that country.

“Biennial Council Meeting” means the biennial meeting of the Council of World Bowls.

“Board” means the Directors or a quorum of the Directors present at a board meeting.

"Board's Appointed Committee" means a committee appointed by the President and the Regional Directors to identify and appoint Appointed Directors.

“Bowls” means the sport of indoor and outdoor bowls.

"Chairperson" means a Chairperson appointed in terms of the Articles.

"Chief Executive" means the person employed by World Bowls in the position of Chief Executive.

“Clear Days” in relation to the period of a notice means that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect.

“Council” means the Council appointed in terms of the Articles.

"Development Member" means a development member of World Bowls in terms of Article 6.

“Director” means a director appointed or elected in terms of the Articles (including, for the avoidance of any doubt, the President).

“Executed” includes any mode of execution.

“Intellectual Property” means all rights subsisting in copyright, business names, names, trade marks (or signs), logos, designs, equipment, images (including photographs, television, videos or films) or service marks relating to World Bowls or any event, competition or Bowls activity of or conducted, promoted or administered by World Bowls.

“Life Member” means an individual appointed as a Life Member of World Bowls, in terms of Article 4.

“Member” means a member of World Bowls in terms of these Articles.

“Member National Authority” means a National Authority that is a Member.

“National Authority” means a body that conducts and administers bowls in a particular country.

“National Delegate” means the person appointed from time to time to act for and on behalf of, and to represent, a National Authority in relation to World Bowls.

“Office” means the registered office of World Bowls.

“Official Language” means English.

"Ordinary Resolution" means a resolution pased by a majority of the National Authorities that vote (either through a National Delegate or by proxy) at a Council Meeting or by means of a resolution in writing.

"Region" has the meaning given in Article 21.2.

"Regional Director" means one of the Directors appointed in terms of Article 21.2.

"Regional Returning Officer" means such person or body appointed by the Region in terms of Article 21.2.4.

 “Regulations” means any regulations or rules promulgated by the Board from time to time as being necessary and reasonable for the purposes of World Bowls.

“Returning Officer” means the Chief Executive or such other person or body appointed by the Board.

“Seal” means the common seal of World Bowls.

“Secretary” means the Secretary of World Bowls or any other person appointed to perform the duties of the Secretary of World Bowls, including a joint, assistant or deputy secretary.

“Special Council Meeting” a meeting of the Council called in terms of Article 15.

“Special Resolution” a resolution passed by three-quarters of the National Authorities that vote (either through a National Delegate or by proxy) at a Council Meeting or by means of resolution in writing.